Individuals with a neurological condition or variation that may affect their emotional response, learning abilities, self-control, and memory, and who generally function differently than what society considers the norm. It may include autistic people, people with ADHD, a learning disability (e.g. dyslexia, dyscalculia), Tourette syndrome, dyspraxia, or other similar conditions affecting the nervous system. The concept is related to the terms "neurodiversity" which recognizes that people interact with the world in many ways and that there is not a "right" way to think, learn, and behave; and "neurotypical" which is used to designate people whose neurocognitive functioning is considered “normal” by societal standards.

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Individuals who have physical, sensory, developmental, cognitive, mental or emotional limitations, illnesses or injuries that affect their ability to engage in one or more major life activities. Disabilities and health conditions may be temporary or permanent, may be present at birth or occur at any point in a person's lifetime, and can be of different levels of severity.

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