Mutual support groups whose members are people who have specific social or emotional concerns or mental illnesses. Families and friends may also be welcome. The groups meet in-person, by telephone or via the Internet; and provide an opportunity for participants to share information, practical tips for daily living and encouragement about issues related to their concerns.

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Programs that specialize in the treatment of adolescents, usually age 12 or 13 through 17, who have adjustment problems, behaviour problems, emotional disturbance, a personality disorder or incipient mental illness. The programs may help youth troubled by low self-esteem, social isolation, peer pressure, bullying, school performance issues, truancy, anger management issues, family problems, grief and loss, sexual promiscuity, sexually transmitted disease, alcohol or drug addiction, eating disorders, oppositional and defiant behaviours, depression and anxiety, suicidal thoughts or other difficult issues.

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Programs that specialize in the treatment of children from infancy to age 12 who have adjustment problems, behaviour problems, emotional disturbances, a personality disorder or incipient mental illness.

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Programs that provide emotional support, information and guidance in a variety of settings for individuals who have a disability; who are concerned about or have any of a variety of illnesses, including those that may ultimately be fatal; or who have experienced the disabling or disfiguring effects of an illness, injury or surgery. The counselling may deal with the realities of having a disability or being ill, coping with their illness/disability, life adjustments required by their situation, and helping them evaluate their alternatives and make personal choices that will maximize their ability to function independently. Included are programs that provide counselling for individuals who have a family history of a particular health condition or disability and need assistance in coping with the emotional problems that are associated with having or being at risk for developing the condition.

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Programs that are staffed by licensed physicians who specialize in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional and behavioural disorders including anxiety, depression, psychoses, sexual dysfunction, adjustment reactions and substance abuse. Psychiatric treatment involves a full mental and physical health evaluation and an individualized treatment plan which may include psychotherapy, medication and other interventions which help patients and their families cope with their illness. General psychiatry applies broadly to all populations with mental disabilities rather than offering more specialized services to specific target groups.

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